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　　In some places where harmful substances are concentrated, devices for collecting and removing harmful substances have been set up to control the indoor diffusion of harmful substances. This type of ventilation is called local exhaust. This is the most effective way of ventilating gas and dust.

　　濟(jì)南部分消防排煙管道由以下部分組成:

　　Some fire fighting and smoke exhaust pipes in Jinan are composed of the following parts:

　　1)部分排氣罩

　　1) Partial exhaust hood

　　排氣罩的一部分用來捕捉害蟲。其性能直接影響到某些排氣系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)。排風(fēng)罩性能好的部件，如閉式排風(fēng)罩，只需少量的空氣即可獲得良好的工作效果。由于不同的消耗設(shè)備和操作方式，排氣罩有多種方式。

　　Part of the exhaust hood is used to catch pests. Its performance directly affects the technical and economic indicators of some exhaust systems. The components with good performance of exhaust hood, such as closed exhaust hood, need only a small amount of air to achieve good working effect. Due to different consumption equipment and operation mode, exhaust hood has many ways.

　　2)管道

　　2) Pipeline

　　在通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中，輸送空氣的管道稱為風(fēng)管。它們將系統(tǒng)中的各種設(shè)備或組件作為一個(gè)整體連接起來。為了提高系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性，應(yīng)合理選擇管道內(nèi)的氣速，管道應(yīng)短而直。風(fēng)管通常由外部潤(rùn)滑的材料制成，如:薄鋼板、PVC板，有時(shí)還有混凝土、磚等材料。

　　In the ventilation system, the air duct is called the air duct. They connect various devices or components in the system as a whole. In order to improve the economy of the system, the gas velocity in the pipeline should be reasonably selected, and the pipeline should be short and straight. Air ducts are usually made of externally lubricated materials, such as thin steel plate, PVC board, and sometimes concrete, brick and other materials.

　　3)除塵凈化設(shè)備

　　3) Dust removal and purification equipment

　　為了避免空氣污染，當(dāng)有害物質(zhì)排放到空氣中的量超過排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，必須用凈化設(shè)備進(jìn)行處理，當(dāng)達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，將其排放到大氣中。凈化設(shè)備可分為除塵器和有害氣體凈化裝置。

　　In order to avoid air pollution, when the amount of harmful substances discharged into the air exceeds the discharge standard, it must be treated with purification equipment, and when the discharge standard is reached, it will be discharged into the atmosphere. Purification equipment can be divided into dust collector and harmful gas purification device.

　　4)風(fēng)扇

　　4) Fans

　　風(fēng)扇捕捉空氣運(yùn)動(dòng)到機(jī)械排氣系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力。為避免風(fēng)機(jī)磨損和腐蝕，通常將風(fēng)機(jī)置于清洗設(shè)備的后方。

　　The fan captures the power of the air moving to the mechanical exhaust system. In order to avoid wear and corrosion of the fan, the fan is usually placed behind the cleaning equipment.

　　局部通風(fēng)僅當(dāng)局部通風(fēng)或送風(fēng)停止時(shí);如果整個(gè)車間的排風(fēng)或送風(fēng)停止，應(yīng)充分通風(fēng)。一般根據(jù)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行范圍的不同，可將通風(fēng)分為局部通風(fēng)、全通風(fēng)和事故通風(fēng)。部分通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)分為進(jìn)氣部分和排氣部分兩大類，它們都是部分氣流的應(yīng)用，部分工作場(chǎng)所受到有害污染，形成良好的空氣環(huán)境。

　　Local ventilation is only when the local ventilation or air supply stops; if the exhaust or air supply stops in the whole workshop, it should be fully ventilated. Generally, according to the different operating range of ventilation system, ventilation can be divided into local ventilation, full ventilation and accident ventilation. Part of the ventilation system is divided into two categories: intake part and exhaust part. They are all part of the application of air flow. Some workplaces are harmfully polluted and form a good air environment.